Clinical Trials And Observational Studies - 1350 Words

The efficacy of ACE-I has been widely evaluated in clinical trials and observational studies. In 1983, Captopril multicenter research group investigated the efficacy of Captopril in a 92 cohort with heart failure refractory to digitalis and diuretic therapy. In this randomized, double blind trial, 50 patients were assigned to Captopril and 42 were assigned to placebo group. Over 2-week dosage titration and 10-week evaluation period, the Captopril group revealed improvement in exercise tolerance and specific symptoms of heart failure, including dyspnea, fatigue and orthopnea, and the reduction of edema. Captopril therapy were concluded as an effect adjunctive treatment to digitalis and diuretic drugs for patients with refractory heart failure. (14) Later on, other ACE-I, such as Enalapril, were shown to be effective in treating patients with congestive heart failure, by reducing left ventricular dimension, in randomized clinical studies.(15-17) The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators conducted a factorial study to evaluate the ACE-I, Ramipril, for improving outcomes among patients with high risk for cardiovascular events, but without left ventricular dysfunction or heart failure. Ramipril significantly reduced the rates of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in a broad range of high-risk patients who are not known to have heart failure. (18) Cattran et al. performed a registry study in Toronto Glomerulonephritis in patients with severe immunoglobulinShow MoreRelatedPhase Iv Of The Phase II And Phase IIi1443 Words   |  6 PagesPhase IV Studies Before describing about how Phase IV studies is differ from the Phase II and Phase III trial, I would like to explain about how Phase I to Phase III Clinical trial is conducted. How Phase IV studies differ from Phase II and III studies? In Phase I study the safety of a drug or device is a priority and this initial testing phase can take several months to complete and generally includes 20 to 100 paid healthy volunteers in study. The design of the study is to determine the effectsRead MoreThe Observational Coding Systems Developed For Mental Health1558 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen an increasing focus on improving the quality of mental health care provided to youths and their families (Kerig Lindahl, 2001). Many different observational coding systems are being implemented in school settings, as well as in clinical research, to naturalistically capture the specific behaviors within mental health services. Observational coding systems can vary in their content and methodology. The ultimate goal is to better understand how adults and parents can help children achieve developmentalRead MoreRationale Essay1375 Words   |  6 PagesGuidelines- RCOG - (Evidence from observational SRs, Cochrane, and some individual RCTs) They suggest single (max 2-3) dose regimes of MTX (50mg/m2) without folinic acid in selected patients. AEs listed are nausea, vomiting, flatulence and abnormal liver function tests. Elson 2016 ACOG - (Evidence from observational SRs) They suggest multiple/variable dose regimes of MTX with folinic acid. AEs listed are the same as shown in Table 1.Pfeifer 2013 NICE- (Evidence from observational SRs, individual RCTs andRead MoreMagnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia730 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Magnetic resonance imaging studies in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: meta-analysis D. Arnone, DM, MRCPsych, J. Cavanagh, MD, FRCPsych, D. Gerber, MRCPsych, S. M. Lawrie, MD, FRCPsych, K. P. Ebmeier, MD, A. M. McIntosh, MD, MRCPsych Several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have determined structural abnormalities in association with bipolar disorder. The literature is, however, incongruous and there remains ambiguity about which areas of the brain are crucial to the pathogenesis ofRead MoreCardiovascular Disease Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesdietary and in vivo studies reported a main role for Cl− on BP regulation through renal balance, and Cl− transporters in vascular tissues (19). 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The advantage to POCT is also revealed in a random clinical trial by Fink, Gilkar, Eardley, Barron, (2014) which revealed patient wait timesRead MorePhysiology And Pathophysiology Of Myocardial Infarction Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesdisposition is poss ible with rapid and accurate risk stratification (3). The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of using the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score as a risk stratification tool for patients presenting to ED with chest pain. According to the current guidelines of the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, the use of a risk stratification tool such as TIMI risk score for patientsRead MoreEffectiveness And Proficiency Of Healthcare1684 Words   |  7 Pagesresults of outcomes research studies allow physicians and medical care staff to make the adjustments necessary to help patients’ experiences. Outcomes research studies focus on the end results, particularly patients’ health and capabilities. In order to provide quality service, healthcare staff must take patients’ experiences, wants and values into account.5,6,7 Patient wellness and involvement is of great concern for future endeavors. The findings of these studies lead to adjustments in practiceRead MoreCHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 6.1 Conclusions In summary, this study found that CHM group had better1200 Words   |  5 PagesCHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 6.1 Conclusions In summary, this study found that CHM group had better fatigue, anorexia and nausea profile in the sixth cycle of chemotherapy, whereas non-CHM group had better white blood cell level and haemoglobin level. There was no significant difference in HRQOL of CHM group and non-CHM group as well as the delay of the completion of chemotherapy. Although there were no adverse effects reported during the study, patients and healthcare providers should be aware of the